MAKIYYAH AND MADANIYAH

1. UNDERSTANDING the verses MAKIYYAH and MADANIYYAH

Makiyyah and Medina were two Arabic words entered by letter iya nisbah . in Arabic, both called isim ratio. In the language because the ratio of isim, including both the word has the meaning of nature. Makiyyah means are Mecca and madaniyyah are madanih. From the side of the language, this word meant can be both according to the characteristics of the two cities. Before the Prophet's hijrah to madinah, Mecca synonymous with the city that the people do not know the layout is good and civilized and people tend to be poor in the areas of unity and science in addition to poetry, instead of Medina before rosul and friends come, tend to be more civilized and scientific developments have known outside the academic in the field of literature (poetry) that is growing rapidly.

There are four scholars about the sense of verses makiyyah and madaniyyah

1. According to time down

2. According to the place of descent

3. According to the object of the talks (mukhatab)

4. According to the theme of the talk

2 CLASSIFICATION of verses and the letters MAKIYYAH and MADANIYYAH

Scholars generally divide the various letters of the Koran into two groups, the letters makiyyah and madaniyyah. They differ in the number of verses or assignment letter from each group. Some scholars say that the number of letters that belong to the Group of makiyyah there are 30 letter. other scholars say that the number of letters makiyyah there are 94 letters. While the letter madaniyyah there are 20 letters. classification of makiyyah and madaniyyah this, divided into several groups paragraph or letter.

1. Letter of pure makiyyah

2. Letters of pure madaniyyah

3. The verses in the letters of makiyyah madaniyyah

4. The verses in the letters of madaniyyah makiyyah

5. Madaniyyah is similar to makiyyah

6. Makiyyah is similar to madaniyyah

7. Paragraph down in Mecca but the ruling madaniyyah

8. Verses down in Medina but his law makiyyah

3. CHARACTERISTICS of the verses of MAKIYYAH and MADANIYYAH

The verses makiyyah and madaniyyah have good characteristics of side traits specific language or a specific theme or content. VV makiyyah characteristics as follows:

1. Inside there are verses Sajda

2. Starting with the word "death"

3. Starting with the phrase "ya ayyuha an-nas"

4. Starting with the letters Intersect (letters at-tahajji)

5. Contain the theme acts of the Prophet and elect former

6. Talking about the story of Prophet adam and Satan, except in surat al-baqarah

7. Description of call monotheism and the emphasis on the problem of belief

8. Determination of the prophetic treatises

9. Determination of the Foundation-Foundation of the public as the formation of inform syara and       akhlaq virtue that should be owned by members of the public

10. The tribes he said short-short

Madaniyyah verses have characterized as follows:

1. With regard to the mainstreaming of the heir, the testament of sanctions in the law – criminal law and civil litigation

2. Contains satire-satire of hypocritical, except in surat al-ankabut

3. Contains a description of the book experts debate

4. Syllables and long-length text and the style of language that set the Shari'a and explain the purpose and the goal.

4. USABILITY STUDY verses MAKIYYAH and MADANIYYAH

There are three urgency knowing makiyyah and madaniyyah the sarikan of the author thought Manna ' al-Qaththan, namely:

A. Help construe the quran

B. Be a guide for the steps of Da'wah

C. provide information about the history of prophetic.