ASBAB AL-NUZUL

1. Understanding Asbab al-nuzul

Asbab al-Nuzul of asbab plural from the direct language that has meaning is everything with him up to the other. While the word of revelation is the masdar of Nazala means language that are down or decrease. Drop in here related to a decrease in God's revelation to the Prophet Muhammad in the form of collected verses in the Qur'an. Thus in Asbab al-Nuzul language is everything with him down the verses of the Koran to the people through the Prophet Muhammad.

In terminology (Anwar: 2000:59), Asbab al-nuzul is defined as:

a. something with why, down a paragraph or a few verses containing, or give answers to the cause of       it or explain the penalty at the time of the occurrence of the cause.

b. the special thing or something that happened related to the fall in the verses of the Qur'an which         serve as explanatory law at the time the event occurred.

c. events or incidents that caused the fall of one or several noble verses that deal with events or the        events, either in the form of questions asked to the Prophet or event related to the Affairs of the          religion.

d. events which mention the revelation of the Quran, regarding him with her time the event occurred,     either one event or in the form of a statement submitted to the Prophet (Where Al-Qaththan)

2. Various examples Asbab al-Nuzul

Various asbab al-nuzul of (1) the form of the editor used in the history of asbab al-nuzul and (2) the amount of causes and paragraph down.

First, the editor is already history sharih clearly shows asbab al-nuzul and is unlikely to show more.

Second, the editor muhtamilah (not firm), the editor of the nuzul al-asbab does not explicitly mention that the editors with regard to asbab al-nuzul.

Seen from the side of a paragraph of cause and amount of down, asbab al-nuzul is divided into two. First, ta'addud al-asbab wa al-nazil wahid, there are three problems that should be noticed

1. not contesting it

2. take the version history of the nuzul al-asbab use redaction sharir

3. take the editor which sharir and Saheeh (valid)

History quality side, there are three other things to note, namely

1. take a Saheeh hadeeth narrated version

2. conduct studies of selective

3. conduct studies of compromise

Second, the ta-wa al-nazil addud direct al-wahid. In this case there is no problem which is quite important because it's a lot of verses down in various letters with regard to one event.

3. Expressions an Ashab an-Nuzul

1. Direct al-Nuzul mentioned with the clear expression, such as:

    سَبَبُ نُزوْ لِ هذِ هِ اْ يَةِ كَذَ ا لا (for down this verse so). And does not contain the possibility of other               meanings.

2. Direct al-nuzul not shown by direct, but pronunciation with pronunciation ف wreaked after                 exposure to an event or occurrence that indicates the event is for the descent of this verse.

3. Direct al-Nuzul can be understood through context and the plot, such as the cause of the decline of     the verse about the spirit that it was narrated from Ibn Mas'ud

4. Direct al-Nuzul contains the meaning of cause and other meanings of case law or the matter at             hand. According to al-Zarqani, the only way to determine which one of the two meanings are c           contained in the phrase that is the context of his talk.

4. The views of the scholars against an ashab an-nuzul

The scholars do not agree on the position of Asbab al-Nuzul. The majority of scholars do not give special privileges to the verses that have a history of Asbab al-Nuzul, because what counts for them is what is stated in the editorial text. Although asbab an-nuzul is very important in revealing the meaning of the text, but to know for sure and convincing reasons for the majority of the text of the Qur'an was revealed is not always easy.

Al wahidi explained that the number of verses that have as many as asbab al-nuzul 715 verse or verses 11.46% of the entire quran. Al-suyuti says 711 verse or 11.40%, while hadi al-muqbil Ibn wadi'I mentions there are 333 paragraph or 5.34%. Thus the verse verse – which has the asbab al-nuzul very few compared to the number of verses of the Qur'an in its entirety.

5. The urgency and usefulness asbab al-nuzul in understanding Qur'an verses

a. know the asbab al-nuzul is the best way to understand the meaning of the qur'an and discover its         hidden in the guise of the verses that cannot be interpreted without knowing the cause of nuzulnya.

b. overcoming doubt verses that allegedly contains a common sense

c. specialized law contained in the quran for scholars who argue that that becomes a handle is a               special

d. were perpetrators who caused the decline of the verses of the quran

e. help simplify recitation and memorization